Transplant,
also known as organ transplant or graft, is considered to be a procedure where
a complete organ or a tissue section is removed and placed in another
individual’s body. Historical accounts of tissue grafting surgically goes back
to the Hindu surgeons in the 6th century BCE who devised techniques
for restructuring noses with the help of skin flaps taken from the arm of the
patient. This technique got introduced in Western medicine in the 16th
century by GaspareTagliacozzi, an Italian surgeon. The flap would be attached
to the arm for a few weeks to allow new blood vessels to grow in it from the
remaining part of the nose. The flap would then be removed along with the arm being
separated from the restructured nose.
Experts
were able to find that thin parts of the skin can be removed for obtainingnecessary
nourishment from the graft bed’s serum in order to keep them alive as new blood
vessels start forming. All these methods are a part of the main therapeutic
devices used by plastic surgeons for correcting several kinds of defects.
Skilled
manipulations of skin grafts could result in surprising results in the
appearance of people who have disfigurements or malformed faces resulting from
burns. Cornea, a modified kind of transparent skin, can even be free grafted.
Corneal grafts have been able to restore the eyesight of countless blind
people.
Blood
transfusion is a kind of tissue graft. The bone marrow cells, also called the
blood-forming tissues, can also be a part of a transplant. The surgeon injects
the cells into the bloodstream so that they travel to the marrow cavities and
establish as lifesaving grafts in people who have defective bone marrow.
Skin grafts
have the ability to save lives of people who have suffered severe burns,
improve functioning by correcting the deformity, or enhance the appearance from
a cosmetic perspective.
Other than
these, there are so many varieties in tissue and organ transplants, all of them
coming with their own uses.
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